DIELECTRIC PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT
OF TRANSFORMER OIL USING
ZNO, TIO2 AND HYBRID ZNO-TIO2 NANOFLUIDS
Abhijeet Lal*, Anup Mishra, Abhishek Verma, Mukesh Kumar Chandrakar
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,
Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg,
Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
Abstract. The dielectric reliability of power transformers is strongly governed by the breakdown voltage (BDV) of insulating oil. Conventional mineral oils face performance limitations under increasing electrical stress and compact transformer designs. In recent years, transformer oil nanofluids have emerged as promising alternatives due to their enhanced dielectric characteristics. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental investigation on the breakdown voltage behavior of transformer oil modified with ZnO nanoparticles, TiO2 nanoparticles, and hybrid ZnO–TiO2 nanoparticle systems. All breakdown voltage measurements were conducted under IEC 60156 standard conditions using a 2.5 mm electrode gap. Experimental results demonstrate a significant enhancement in dielectric strength with nanoparticle addition. Among all investigated samples, hybrid ZnO–TiO2 nanofluids exhibited the highest BDV improvement, attributed to synergistic electron scavenging, interfacial polarization, and streamer suppression mechanisms. The findings confirm that hybrid nanofluids are promising candidates for next-generation transformer insulation systems.
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DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v38i3.12
Source: International Journal of Applied Mathematics
ISSN printed version: 1311-1728
ISSN on-line version: 1314-8060
Year: 2025
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
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